La Moon It remains one of the major centers of attention for both astronomy enthusiasts and international science. Its cycle, which is completed approximately in 29,5 days, encompasses phases such as the new moon, the first quarter, the full moon, and the last quarter, each with particularities visible from different points on Earth and which have historically marked the calendar of many cultures to define religious, festive, agricultural, and even beauty activities.
This summer of 2025 It brings with it a lunar calendar packed with events and phenomena for skywatchers in Spain and other parts of the world. Furthermore, European and global scientific research is preparing for new challenges on the lunar surface and its surroundings, while analyzing potential risks from near space.
The phases of the Moon in June and July 2025: the lunar calendar
During June and July 2025, the lunar cycle offers several notable phases that fans can follow with the naked eye, telescopes, or even digital platforms. National Geographic Institute It indicates that after the transition from the new moon to the first quarter on June 3 (under the sign of Virgo), the full moon arrives on June 11 (Sagittarius), followed by the last quarter on the 18th (Pisces) and the new moon on the 25th (Cancer). This month's full moon, popularly known as strawberry moon, will be the last of spring, just before the start of summer on June 21 at 4:42 a.m.
In July, the lunar calendar continues with the first quarter phase on July 2 under Libra, the "deer moon» July 10th under Capricorn, with a waning moon on the 18th (Aries), and a new moon on the 24th (Leo). During these days, the moon will appear close to stars like Venus and Jupiter at dawn, and will be a star alongside meteor showers like the Perseids and Delta Aquariids. Observing the full moon in July will be especially striking, as it coincides with the best time to enjoy clear skies and pleasant temperatures.
The lunar calendar is also useful for those who plan activities according to the phases. For example, many people believe that cutting their hair during the first quarter helps it grow stronger, while cutting it during the last quarter slows it down. Although there is no solid scientific evidence, these beliefs are still widely held.
Moonwatching and tips for enjoying the sky
Moongazing is accessible to everyone. You only need to look up to see it shine, but you can also admire it in detail with binoculars or telescopes, especially at the boundary between lunar night and day, where craters and mountains can be seen. Some NASA platforms offer images and virtual tours if clouds prevent direct viewing in your area. To expand your knowledge, you may be interested in consulting astronomy books.
New moon days are ideal for stargazing and planet watching. When the moon is hidden, the sky appears darker, allowing you to discover details of the firmament that go unnoticed on other nights. If you're passionate about astronomy, take advantage of the absence of moonlight to enjoy constellations and meteor showers, such as the aforementioned Perseids and Delta Aquariids. You can also check out online resources for climate maps and better plan your observing nights.
On a daily basis, the moon also offers recommendations for well-being and personal care. During a new phase, for example, it's a good time to start new healthy habits, take care of your hair and skin, or even make small changes around the home to renew your energy.
Lunar research and exploration: Europe steps on the gas
Europe is intensifying its efforts in lunar exploration through innovative projects that seek to place the continent at the forefront of space research. New projects stand out. autonomous rovers of European development, including Mona Luna, promoted by the company Venturi Space with French and European support. This rover, robust and capable of surviving the harsh lunar nights, is designed to move through the regolith and withstand extreme temperatures, using a system of protected batteries and motors. Its objective is to explore the lunar south pole around 2030, and although it is smaller than other models like FLEX, it could also be used in emergencies to transport astronauts. To expand your knowledge of these projects, you may be interested in consulting information about the Blue Moon.
Next to Mona Luna stands out MAGPIE, a model whose mission will be to analyze ice deposits and other volatiles at the South Pole. Developed by the European subsidiary of the Japanese firm ispace and with the participation of institutions from several European countries, MAGPIE will carry sophisticated instruments to study the subsurface and permanently shadowed areas of the satellite. These developments reflect the strategic interest in the future use of lunar resources and the firm support of the ESA (European Space Agency). To better understand the resources and possibilities on the Moon, visit What is lunar perigee?.
Simulations and terrestrial studies of life on the Moon
As space plans advance, simulations are multiplying on Earth to anticipate the effects and challenges of lunar habitability. One of the most relevant experiences is the lunar station. Moles In Poland, a base that replicates the conditions of isolation and life on the Moon. Recently, biotechnologist Alba Sánchez Montalvo participated in a two-week mission within this environment, along with other European researchers. The station has modules for studying health, routines, and creativity under conditions of extreme confinement, even simulating artificial light cycles and space nutrition. To learn about other aspects of the Moon, you can consult curiosities about the Moon.
The research not only aims to prepare future astronauts, but also to provide solutions to everyday problems on Earth, such as the impact of isolation on the immune system, the development of new health routines, and resource management in extreme situations.
Is there a real risk of major impacts on the Moon?
The Moon is regularly exposed to meteorite falls, but a recent study has focused on the asteroid 2024 YR4Detected in December 2024, this rocky body, about 60 meters in diameter, has a low probability, around 4%, of colliding with the Moon in 2032. If the impact were to occur, it could generate a huge crater and launch around one hundred million tons of debris into space, with the potential to affect satellites ground-based monitoring and communication systems in low orbit for several days. To better understand the risks and monitoring, see what is a lunar eclipse.
Researchers explain that a good part of these fragments would not reach the Earth's surface, but they could pose a temporary threat to the satellite fleet and future lunar operations. The likelihood of this scenario remains low, although it will serve to refine the monitoring of near-Earth objects and establish more precise prevention models.
This array of activities and knowledge surrounding the Moon continues to confirm its fundamental role as a natural laboratory and testing ground for science, engineering, and human imagination. From the lunar calendars that govern our routines to the design of sophisticated robots and simulation stations, the Moon maintains its capacity to inspire and challenge our limits.
