When the topic of spring comes up, we often associate it with pleasant weather, rain, festive gatherings, blooming flowers, and the unfortunate onset of allergies. This particular season is famous for the abundant flowering of various plants, which subsequently release pollen that has adverse effects on people with allergies. In response to an allergen, the immune system initiates a cascade of symptoms, which can be quite pronounced, including watery eyes, frequent sneezing, itchy throat and nose, incessant runny nose, and, in some cases, the appearance of hives.
Increase in allergy cases
The increase in allergy cases typically occurs between April and June, coinciding with the start of spring. The timing of these allergies can vary: some years they arrive early, while others persist until July. The duration of allergy season depends on rainfall and temperatures in the preceding months . It's important to note that not all allergies are exclusive to spring, as certain trees, such as alders and cypresses, can trigger allergic reactions as early as January.
From a technical standpoint, allergies in Spain manifest themselves differently depending on whether you are in the northern or southern parts of the peninsula. When it comes to pollen seasons, there are distinct variations in four areas: the north, the central region, the Mediterranean coast, and the Canary Islands . For example, alder pollen allergies are nonexistent in the Canary Islands, while allergies to apiaceae (bean) pollen are common, unlike in the rest of Spain, where they are not a cause for concern.
Allergy calendar
During the spring season it can be observed that in the month of March the presence of pollen from palm trees, pines, plane trees, poplars, oaks, elms and urticaceae reaches medium levels. Once April begins, people with allergies will need to closely monitor levels of the following allergens:
- Banana (ends at the end of April)
- Olive trees (until June)
- Grasses (until July in the center and October in the Mediterranean area)
- Cupressaceae (cypress, until May)
- Birches (until May)
- Pine (until mid-July)
- Oak (until September in some areas)
During most of the year, various allergens, such as mugwort, chenopodiaceae, grasses, palms, plantago, and mercurials, are constantly present in the Mediterranean region. These allergens maintain a moderate to low concentration year-round, but experience significant increases in pollen levels during the spring or fall seasons.
To accurately assess the impact, it is essential to diligently monitor pollen levels. The duration of allergies varies depending on location, so it is important to consult various resources to stay informed about current pollen levels and better manage allergy symptoms . The University of CĂłrdoba offers a comprehensive website with weekly updated pollen incidence maps categorized by allergen and region.
If you suspect you have allergies or experience symptoms during the spring season, it is recommended to seek the expertise of a specialist who can perform tests to identify specific allergies and prescribe appropriate treatments for a more bearable spring.
seasonal allergies
spring allergies
As winter weather fades, the arrival of spring brings with it a notable outdoor allergen: tree pollen. This well-known allergen is the first to make its presence known in the air. However, it's important to be aware that there are other potential triggers for spring allergies, including various types of grass and weed pollen. Examples of these include orchard fruits, saltgrass, and fescue, which are becoming increasingly common. So, while warmer weather can be a welcome change, it's crucial to be prepared for the allergens that come with it.
During windy days, spring allergies can worsen as pollen is easily carried through the air. It's crucial to stay informed about daily pollen levels to identify specific trees, such as cedar, maple, or oak, that may trigger sneezing and a runny nose during the spring season.
summer allergy season
During the summer months, the focus is on enjoying outdoor activities and having a good time. However, it's essential to ensure that allergies don't spoil your enjoyment. Nature experiences a surge in pollination during this season, with grass pollen being the main culprit behind summer allergies. To avoid any discomfort, it's advisable to plan ahead and refrain from mowing the lawn on days when you have outdoor plans , such as entertaining guests, hosting a barbecue, or simply relaxing outdoors. This precaution will help minimize the spread of grass pollen, ensuring a pleasant experience for everyone.
Warm, humid weather creates ideal conditions for mold growth, which can trigger allergies. Allergic reactions to fungal spores are more common from July through early autumn. These spores readily grow on various surfaces, including grass, grains, tree trunks, and compost heaps.
autumn allergies
While the fresh air can be quite pleasant, it's important to keep in mind that fall allergies are often caused by weed pollen. Ragweed, a common allergen, can thrive in various locations. Even if you don't live near a ragweed plant, its pollen can travel long distances on the wind, triggering symptoms in unsuspecting individuals.
Another concern to consider is the presence of mold, which has the ability to thrive in moist soil and decaying foliage. As the temperature decreases, we tend to spend more time indoors and use heating systems, which causes the circulation of dust mites in the air. These microscopic creatures are known to cause allergies all year round.
winter allergies
During the winter season, outdoor pollen levels tend to decrease compared to other times of the year. However, some people may still experience indoor allergies, which can be triggered by various factors such as mold, dust mites, pets, and even Christmas trees . These allergies, known as "perennial" allergies, persist year-round but may be more frequent during the winter due to increased indoor activity caused by the cold weather.
I hope that with this information you can learn more about when the allergy season extends and what the key dates are.