In meteorology we talk about some of the most common variables in daily language such as humidity. However, there are different types of humidity and each one reflects important information about the atmosphere. In this case, we are going to talk about the absolute humidity. Many people confuse absolute humidity with relative humidity and do not know what each of them means.
Therefore, in this article we are going to tell you what absolute humidity is, its characteristics, importance and main differences with relative humidity.
What is absolute humidity
The amount of water vapor present in the air, known as absolute humidity, It is usually quantified in grams per cubic meter (g/m3).. This measurement represents the relationship between the mass of water vapor and the total volume of the humid air system.
One of the definitive measurements used to quantify the amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere is this particular index. Along with this, we also have the specific humidity, which represents the relationship between the mass of water vapor and the total mass of air, as well as the mixing ratio, which indicates the relationship between the mass of water vapor and the mass of dry air.
What differentiates absolute humidity from relative humidity?
The relationship between the amount of water vapor present in the atmosphere and the maximum water vapor capacity at a specific temperature is defined by relative humidity. Expressed as a percentage, it represents the relationship between the current specific humidity and the saturation point of the specific humidity.
When the relative humidity reaches 100%, the air becomes saturated, causing water vapor to condensate.
Humidity in Spain
In Spain it is important to understand the distinction between absolute humidity and relative humidity. Absolute humidity measures the actual amount of water vapor in the air per unit volume, taking into account specific pressure and temperature conditions. On the other hand, Relative humidity compares the amount of water vapor present in the air with the maximum amount that could exist at a given temperature.
It is worth noting that Spain usually experiences higher levels of humidity. Despite having both dry and humid climates, the country's geographic location and high temperatures contribute to a general absence of low humidity. The areas most affected by humidity are usually coastal regions or areas with significant concentrations of water.
When it comes to interior environments, It is essential to regulate both relative humidity and absolute humidity levels. This is because a large amount of moisture inside our homes can cause a variety of problems.
The presence of respiratory problems can arise among people who reside in a home and manifest themselves in the form of conditions such as asthma or allergies. Indoors there is a greater perception of heat and excessive sweating. Imperfections can be seen on walls, ceilings and even furniture if there is a lot of humidity.
Can't be underestimated the impact of humidity on both our personal comfort and the environment. When talking about this phenomenon, terms such as absolute humidity, relative humidity, and specific humidity often come up. But which of these concepts is most necessary for us to understand to fully understand the importance of water vapor condensation in the atmosphere?
Absolute, relative and specific humidity
The measure of water vapor present in a specific volume of air is known as absolute humidity. This measurement quantifies the amount of water vapor in grams and the volume of air in cubic meters. Consequently, absolute humidity is represented as the number of grams of water vapor per cubic meter of air.
The concept of specific humidity is essentially identical to that of absolute humidity, but with a different measurement method. Instead of being measured in absolute terms, specific humidity is calculated in kilograms of water per kilogram of dry air. Like absolute humidity, specific humidity takes into account the presence of water vapor.
Relative humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapor present in the air, compared to the maximum amount it can hold at a given temperature, known as absolute humidity. HE It is expressed as a percentage and is calculated based on the absolute saturation humidity.
In terms of simplicity, relative humidity is usually the primary focus when considering humidity levels. While absolute and specific calculations provide the most accurate measurements, they can be more difficult to understand due to their complexity.
When it comes to humidity, the maximum value is always 100%, so it's easy to remember that high humidity occurs when the percentage is exceptionally high. However, it is important to note that the human body is only affected by relative humidity, not specific or absolute humidity.
Why do we look at relative humidity instead of absolute humidity?
Depending on the level of humidity, the air will have different effects on people. When relative humidity is extremely low, in percentage terms, it has a drying effect on both people and their environment. On the contrary, When the relative humidity approaches one hundred percent, it transfers moisture to anything it comes into contact with.
To determine whether humidity will affect us or not, it is essential to consider its relative value. Meanwhile, absolute and specific humidity are used to calculate the ambient percentage.
To determine the most advantageous relative humidity for everyone, It is essential to consider a range between 40% and 60%. In Spain, this can be more challenging due to its unique climate and topography. If the humidity level falls below 40%, additional measures, such as the use of humidifiers or alternative methods, will be necessary to increase the moisture content.
If the relative humidity level is exceptionally high, it is advisable to use dehumidifiers to lower the humidity. This precaution is necessary to avoid possible health problems and deterioration of the indoor environment. To accurately determine relative humidity, affordable humidity detectors are available that provide continuous monitoring of the specific humidity level indoors.
I hope that with this information you can learn more about absolute humidity and its characteristics.