It is certain that if you speak of the universe and the galaxies you have heard of the black holes. They are very feared and it is thought that they are capable of swallowing everything that enters it to disintegrate it. Today we are going to talk about these elements of the universe and the importance or danger they have. You will be able to know what black holes are, how they are formed and some curiosities about them.
If you want to know more about it, this is your post
What are black holes
These black holes are nothing more than the remnants of former stars that have ceased to exist. Stars typically contain a dense amount of matter and particles, and therefore a great deal of gravitational pull. Just look at the Sun, which is able to have eight planets and other celestial bodies surrounding it continuously. Thanks to the gravity of the Sun is why the Solar system. The Earth is attracted to it, but it does not mean that we are getting closer and closer to the Sun.
Many stars end their lives as white dwarfs or neutron stars. Black holes are the last phase in the evolution of these stars that were much larger than the Sun. Although the Sun is thought to be large, it is still a medium star (or even small if we compare it with others). . This is how there are stars 10 and 15 times the size of the Sun that, when they cease to exist, form a black hole.
As these giant stars reach the end of their lives, they explode in a huge cataclysm that we know as a supernova. In this explosion, most of the star is dispersed through space and its pieces will wander through space for a long time. Not all of the star explodes and scatters. The other material that remains "cold" is the one that does not melt.
When a star is young, nuclear fusion creates energy and a constant pressure due to gravity from the outside. This pressure and the energy it creates keep it in equilibrium. Gravity is created by the star's own mass. On the other hand, in the inert remains left behind by the supernova, there is no force that can resist the pull of its gravity, so what remains of the star begins to fold in on itself. This is what black holes generate.
Characteristics of black holes
Without any force being able to stop the action of gravity, a black hole emerges that is capable of shrinking all space and compressing it until it reaches zero volume. At this point, the density can be said to be infinite. That is to say, the amount of matter that can be in that zero volume is infinite. Therefore, the gravity of that black point is infinite as well. There is nothing that can escape such a force of attraction.
In this case, not even the light that the star possessed is capable of escaping the gravitational force and is trapped by the orbit on itself. For this reason it is called a black hole, since not even light is able to shine in this volume of infinite density and gravity.
Although gravity is only infinite at the point of zero volume where space folds in on itself, these black holes attract matter and energy towards themselves. However, there is no need to be afraid, since the force with which they attract other bodies is not greater than that of any star or cosmic object other material of the universe.
That is, a black hole the size of our Sun could not attract us more strongly than the Sun itself. A black hole the size of the Sun could very well be the center of the Solar System, and the Earth would orbit it in the same way. In fact, it is known that the center of the Milky Way (the galaxy where we are located) is composed of a black hole. Furthermore, some of these black holes are found near Mars, which has sparked the interest of scientists.
Black hole power
Although it has always been thought that a black hole draws everything around it to itself and engulfs it, this is not the case. In order for planets, light, and other materials to be swallowed by a black hole, it must pass too close to it to be attracted to its center of action. Once the point of no return is reached, You have entered the event horizon, where it is impossible to escape.
And it is that to be able to move once the event horizon has been entered, we would have to be able to move at a speed greater than at which light travels. Black holes are very small in size. A black hole like those found in the center of some galaxies, it can have a radius of about 3 million kilometers. This is roughly 4 suns like ours.
If a black hole had the mass of our Sun, it would only have a diameter of 3 kilometers. As always, these dimensions can be tremendously scary, but everything in the universe is like that.
Dynamic
Being so small in size and dark, we cannot observe them directly. Because of this, scientists have long doubted its existence. Something that is known to be there but that cannot be seen directly. In order to see a black hole, you have to measure the mass of a region of space and look for areas where there is a large amount of dark mass.
Many of the black holes are found within binary systems. These attract large amounts of mass from the star around them. As this mass attracts, They get bigger and bigger. There comes a time when the companion star from which it is extracting mass vanishes completely. This phenomenon has also been studied in the search for the existence of white holes, an intriguing topic in modern astronomy.
I hope this helps to understand more about black holes.
