In recent years, the words climate change y global warming have become central to news and debates around the world. While these phenomena have occurred throughout Earth's geological history, their current impact is intensifying due to human activity and its devastating effects on the environment. This article will explore these issues in depth, focusing on their causes, consequences, and possible solutions.
The situation is very seriousFrom 1880 to 2012, the average global temperature increased by approximately 0,85ºC, which has led to a reduction in the surface area of ice at the Poles and, as a result, a significant rise in sea level. This phenomenon is not just a matter of scientific interest; it has direct and tangible implications for the lives of millions of people around the world.
Climate change is often thought of as empty words or distant facts. However, the reality is that a tangible and urgent process is taking place. The continued emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) is putting us all at risk. An animated graphic created by antti lipponen, a physicist at the Finnish Meteorological Institute, illustrates this phenomenon in a striking way, showing how global temperatures have changed in different parts of the world over time.
In this graph, we initially see bars in shades of blue and green, representing cooler temperatures. Over the years, these bars begin to turn red, symbolizing rising global temperatures, until in 2016, all the bars are red and reddish-yellow.
«No country stands out clearly in the graph. Warming is truly global, not local.", Lipponen said in an interview with Climate central. Although in 2010 governments agreed on the need to reduce emissions to prevent the average global temperature from rising more than 2ºC, Unfortunately, it seems that the Paris Agreement will not be enough. to avoid the devastating consequences of climate change.
Understanding climate change
El climate change refers to long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns, which can be natural or human-induced. However, since the 19th century, human activities have been the primary driver of climate change, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas. To gain a clearer understanding of these changes, you can read about the differences between climate change and global warming.
The burning of these fuels generates emissions of greenhouse gases which act like a blanket around the Earth, trapping the sun's heat and thus causing global temperatures to rise. The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO2) and the methaneThese emissions come from a variety of sources, including gasoline for vehicles and coal for heating, as well as land clearing and agriculture. To better understand our responsibility in this phenomenon, you can read more about How we have lost control of climate change.
Importantly Perceptions about climate change also play a crucial role in combating this challenge. Misconceptions can hinder efforts to combat global warming. In this context, we can observe cases such as Germany, which is already experiencing the effects of climate change, where evident climate changes can be observed and where adaptation practices, such as the adaptation of plants to climate change, are essential.
Time is running out to act, and we must be mindful of the decisions we make today if we want to ensure a sustainable future. This is especially relevant when we consider the importance of ensuring food security, as well as other necessary practices in this scenario.
Sustainable agricultural practices will be key in adapting to changing conditions and mitigating the adverse effects of climate change.
The consequences of climate change are numerous and worrying. Today, we face a series of serious problems that affect human health, food security, and the stability of our communities. The consequences include:
- Intense droughtsGlobal warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of droughts in various regions, putting water and food supplies at risk. In fact, Drought affects 120.000 children in Mauritania, which highlights the urgency of this phenomenon.
- Rising sea levels: With glaciers and ice sheets melting in Greenland and Antarctica, sea levels continue to rise, threatening coastal communities. Many of these communities could face an uncertain future, such as those in the cities that could disappear due to global warming.
- FloodsExtreme rainfall and rising sea levels are causing devastating flooding in many areas. In this context, Floods will endanger millions of people within 25 years.
- Species extinctionChanges in natural habitats are pushing many species to the brink of extinction, which in turn affects biodiversity and ecosystems. As has been studied, mammals and birds will adapt better to climate change.
There is no doubt that humans are responsible for global warming.Scientists have shown that our activities, from industrialization to modern agriculture, are responsible for the rapid temperature increase we have experienced over the past two centuries. The Earth's average temperature is now 1,1 ° C higher than at the end of the 19th century, before the industrial age, and this trend shows no signs of slowing down.
One of the most worrying phenomena Related to climate change is the melting of ice in critical areas such as Antarctica, which can have global repercussions. This also includes concerns about how the Maple syrup could be a new victim of climate change.
Impact on people's health and safety
Climate change has a direct impact on our health and well-being. Events such as heat waves, droughts, and extreme storms can trigger public health crises and increase mortality. People living in vulnerable areas, such as small islands and developing countries, are the most affected. Conditions such as rising sea levels and saltwater intrusion have forced entire communities to relocate, creating the phenomenon of "climate refugees".
Furthermore, climate change is affecting the ability to grow food, creating a risk of famine in many parts of the world. The availability of freshwater is also being compromised, which in turn affects people's health and quality of life. Crop failures and rising food prices are just some of the consequences that threaten our food security, as mentioned in recent studies on the impact in Europe.
Necessary policies and actions
Limiting global temperature rise is crucial. According to the latest UN reports, there is consensus that keep the temperature increase below 1,5°C is critical to avoiding the worst climate impacts and preserving a livable climate. However, current policies indicate a temperature increase of up to 2,8 ° C by the end of the century if effective measures are not taken.
The seven largest greenhouse gas emitters worldwide (China, the United States, India, the European Union, Indonesia, Russia, and Brazil) were responsible for half of global emissions in 2020. While all countries must act to address climate change, those primarily responsible for the crisis have a greater responsibility to take immediate action. This includes considering investments in renewable energy infrastructure and stop investing in fossil fuels.
Solutions to mitigate climate change are numerous and can provide economic benefits while protecting the environment. The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy, such as solar and wind, is essential to reducing emissions. However, this shift must begin as soon as possible. As more countries commit to reaching net-zero emissions by 2050, it is imperative that approximately half of the emissions cuts be made before 2030 to keep warming below XNUMX%. 1,5 ° C.
Adaptation efforts are also necessary. This adaptation involves implementing measures to protect people and ecosystems from the impacts of climate change. Disaster early warning systems, for example, not only save lives and property but can also generate significant economic benefits. In this sense, investing in green infrastructure is a key strategy to face these challenges.
The increase in forest fires It is also related to climate change, which means we must be prepared to face this reality in the future.
The role of the international community
Climate action requires significant investments from governments and businesses. However, inaction can be much more costly. A key consideration is that developed countries must fulfill their commitment to finance $ 100.000 million annually to help developing nations adapt and move toward greener economies.
While climate change remains a global challenge, we have the capacity to address it. With a united approach and decisive action, we can work toward a more sustainable and healthy future for all. This goal is especially relevant considering that Deserts are threatened by global warming, affecting millions of living beings.
Climate change and global warming represent an existential threat, but they also offer an opportunity to innovate and change our society for the better. Every little bit counts, and global collaboration will be key to combating this phenomenon that affects our home, the planet.
